The Role of Atherogenic and Triglyceride/Glucose Indices in Patients with Multivessel Disease
Muhammed Raşit Tanırcan1
, Adem Aktan2, Raif Kılıç2, Tuncay Güzel3, Ali Evsen4, Mehmet Zülküf Karahan2
1Department of Cardiology, Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Mardin, Türkiye
2Department of Cardiology, Mardin Artuklu University Faculty of Medicine, Mardin, Türkiye
3Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
4Department of Cardiology, Dağkapı State Hospital, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
Keywords: Atherogenic index of plasma; coronary artery disease; multivessel disease; risk stratification; triglyceride-glucose index.
Abstract
Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of global mortality. Multivessel disease (MVD) is linked to poorer clinical outcomes. Insulin resistance (IR) is a key factor in CAD progression. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) are emerging biomarkers related to IR and cardiovascular risk. Their role in predicting CAD severity is not fully established. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of TyG and AIP indices in assessing CAD severity and distinguishing MVD from single-vessel disease (SVD).
Methods: This retrospective study involved 244 patients undergoing coronary angiography from January 2022 to January 2024. Patients were classified into MVD (n=116) and SVD (n=128) groups. Data on demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and metabolic parameters were collected. TyG and AIP indices were calculated. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses assessed their predictive value for MVD.
Results: Patients in the MVD group were older than those in the SVD group (64.9±8.3 vs. 60.1±7.8 years; p<0.001) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (56.9% vs. 31.3%; p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, the TyG index (odds ratio [OR]: 6.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.75–16.35; p<0.001) and AIP (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.22–2.24; p=0.001) were identified as independent predictors of MVD. ROC analysis demonstrated that the TyG index had superior diagnostic accuracy compared with AIP (area under the curve: 0.718 vs. 0.643).
Conclusion: TyG and AIP indices are useful biomarkers for CAD severity assessment. The TyG index demonstrated greater predictive accuracy. These indices may enhance clinical risk stratification and treatment decisions. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings across populations.
Cite This Article: Tanırcan MR, Aktan A, Kılıç R, Güzel T, Evsen A, Karahan MZ. The Role of Atherogenic and Triglyceride/Glucose Indices in Patients with Multivessel Disease. Koşuyolu Heart J 2026;29(2):121–127